The particles that are in an atom: protons, neutrons and electrons The particles that are in protons and neutrons: quarks The four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetism, the strong force and ...

Why do neutrinos, these elementary particles, sometimes seem to act in such a puzzling way? For decades, physicists have been ...

It’s often said in science that extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence. Recent measurements of the mass of the elementary particle known as the W boson provide a useful case study as to ...

Martin Bauer does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their ...

Breaking the rules is exciting, especially if they have held for a long time. This is true not just in life but also in particle physics. Here the rule I'm thinking of is called “lepton flavor ...

How the world of the smallest particles is structured, what is known about fundamental forces, and what particles have to do ...

Ian G. McCarthy receives funding from UKRI's Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC). He works for Liverpool John Moores University. Given how unfathomably large the universe is, it is ...